Can Animals Feel? A New Roadmap for Consciousness
A philosophy scholar has developed a practical “decision tree” to help scientists and ethicists evaluate which creatures may be conscious. The new framework clarifies decades of debate about whether animals like crabs, fish, or insects can feel pain or emotion. It distinguishes between two approaches — one requiring clear evidence of consciousness, and another accepting that absence of markers doesn’t prove lack of it. The model aims to guide more nuanced decisions in research, conservation, and animal welfare. ….[READ]
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